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Python and The Basics of Programming.
Basic Data Types
Lesson 1
Author: Egoshkin Danila Igorevich
Basic Data Types
In the beginning was the ****
In the beginning was the Word
- Bible
In the beginning - people started to speak.
Then...???
So we need some types to count:
int number = 5; // Counting on fingers
float numberPi = 3.14f; // With FLOATing point ****.******
double bigNumberPi = 3.1415926535 8979323846 2643383279 ...;
What next...???
Writing:
char ch = 'A'; // Only one charachter
char ch_srt[100] = "Hello 1"; // 100 charachters
Logic:
bool isAlive {true};
bool isDead {false};
std::cout << "isAlive: " << isAlive << "\n";
std::cout << "isDead: " << isDead << "\n";
That is all Folks!
But wait... What about pictures, music, etc
ANSI Image
Image by color palette
Image by RGB (Read, Green, Blue)
RAM memory
int x = 5;
cout << "sizeof(x) = " << sizeof(int) << " bytes" << endl; // 4 bytes
cout << "sizeof(x) = " << sizeof(x) << " bytes" << endl; // 4 bytes
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
int x = 5;
Console.WriteLine("sizeof(x) = " + sizeof(int));
Console.WriteLine(System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.SizeOf(x));
Console.WriteLine(Marshal.SizeOf(x)); // using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
import sys
x = int(5);
print(sys.getsizeof(x))
# 28 bytes
print(sys.getsizeof('this'))
# 38
print(sys.getsizeof('this also'))
# 48
Static typing vs Dynamic typing
Static typing C++
int number = 5;
float numberPi = 3.14;
char ch = 'A';
string str = "Hello"
Dynamic typing
number = 5;
numberPi = 3.14;
ch = 'A';
str = "Hello"
#include <typeinfo>
//...
cout << "typeid(100).name() = " << typeid(100).name() << endl;
cout << "typeid(string).name() = " << typeid("string").name() << endl;
cout << "typeid('A').name() = " << typeid('A').name() << endl;
C#
int number = 5;
Console.WriteLine(number.GetType());
string str = "Hello World!";
Console.WriteLine(str.GetType());
float[] array = {1.5f, 2.5f, 3.5f};
Console.WriteLine(array.GetType());
Python
print(type('string')) # <class 'str'>
print(type(100)) # <class 'int'>
print(type([0, 1, 2])) # <class 'list'>
What next after data types?
Base IO - Input\Output
Terminal vs Console - difference???
Base IO - Input\Output
C++
std::cout << "Enter something: ";
/**/
char input1[100];
cin >> input1;
cout << input1 << endl;
/**/
/**/
char input2[100];
cin.getline(input2, sizeof(input2));
cout << input2 << endl;
/**/
/**/
string input3;
std::getline(std::cin, input3);
cout << input3 << endl;
/**/
Base IO - Input\Output
Python
input=input('Enter a something: ')
print('You Entered:', input)
print('Data type of input', type(input))
// number++
Format IO - Input\Output
C++(work only with ISO C++ 20 (/std:c++20))
#include <format>
#include <iomanip>
std::cout << std::format("name = {:.7}.", "Smith Will");
Format IO - Input\Output
Python
text1 = "Flawless"
text2 = "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious"
print(text1 + " and " + text2)
print(text1, "and", text2) # C++ << ... << ... <<
print('{1} and {0}'.format(text1, text2)) # C#
print(f 'Some text: {text1} {text2}') # Shell
print("Decimal(int) : %2d, Portal : %5.2f" % (1, 05.333)) # C printf("%X", ...);
print("Total students : %3d, Boys : %2d, Girls : %2d" % (240, 120, 120)) # print integer value
print("%7.3o" % (25)) # print octal value
print("%10.3E" % (356.08977)) # print exponential value
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